Introduction to Bitcoin Layer-2s

Blockchain
Bitcoin

Bitcoin Layer-2s are solutions built on top of Bitcoin to help it scale, reduce costs, and unlock programmability without changing the base protocol. This course introduces the major Layer-2 architectures, how they work, and what trade-offs they involve.

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This course breaks down the Bitcoin Layer-2 ecosystem into five clear modules—starting from why Layer-2s are needed, to how technologies like Lightning, Fedimint, Ark, rollups, and BitVM work. It’s designed for both beginners and experienced blockchain learners.

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  • Why Bitcoin Layer-1 has limitations
  • How Lightning and payment channels function
  • What Fedimint, Ark, and sidechains offer
  • How rollups and BitVM add programmability
  • Security and regulatory risks of Layer-2s
  • The future of Bitcoin as a layered protocol

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āļšāļ—āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 1: Why Bitcoin Needs Layer-2s

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āļšāļ—āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 2: Lightning Network and Payment Channel Architecture

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āļšāļ—āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 3: Federated & Pooled Systems — Fedimint and Ark

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āļšāļ—āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 5: Risks, Regulation, and the Road Ahead

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Introduction to Bitcoin Layer-2s
Introduction to Bitcoin Layer-2s
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Intermediate

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Gate Learn

Official Team
Gate Exchange's educational platform covers a wide range of topics, including blockchain, popular projects, trading, finance, and more. It aims to provide those interested in the Web3 industry with the most comprehensive information possible to improve their knowledge.
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Piero Tozzi