Eth will still be the king of smart contracts on-chain in the short term, but the future (in a few years or a decade) remains uncertain. Eth still faces high user TPS demand and high on-chain costs. With a large ship, it is difficult to turn around, and some disadvantages of Layer 1 cannot be solved in the short term. Many trading shares will be taken away by Layer 2 and other Layer 1s. So far, Layer 1 is still not a chain that ordinary players can afford to play on. Layer 2 fees have been significantly reduced after upgrades, but many Layer 2s are very scattered, and there is even a trend towards Layer 3 development. Although they all rely on Layer 1 for verification, it feels like the complex Layer 2/3 cannot be said to be allies progressing together; they are more like some independently competing branches.